A Vision to Outsmart Fire

Before modern fire codes and safety standards, Grinnell recognised that technology could do more than power machines. It could protect lives and property. At a time when fires could erupt without warning and devastate entire communities, Grinnell saw an opportunity to engineer a smarter solution.
 

Inventing the Automatic Fire Sprinkler System

In 1881, Grinnell developed the first sensitive automatic sprinkler system. Using a fusible link that activated under heat, his design released water precisely where it was needed. The system featured a half-inch orifice and a tooth-edged deflector, making it highly responsive and resistant to clogging.

This innovation quickly became the benchmark for fire protection. By the early 20th century, Grinnell’s sprinkler systems were safeguarding buildings across the United Kingdom, Europe and North America. Insurance companies endorsed them, cities adopted them and countless lives were saved.
 

Driving Industry Standards and Global Safety

Grinnell’s impact extended beyond invention. In 1896, he helped establish the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), setting the first standard for sprinkler systems. These guidelines laid the foundation for fire safety regulations that continue to protect buildings worldwide.

His company pioneered wet-pipe systems, improved valve designs and later introduced the quartz bulb sprinkler in collaboration with Thomas Edison. Each advancement propelled the fire protection industry forward.

By the mid-20th century, Grinnell systems were installed in over 100 countries. The name became synonymous with trusted fire safety, from schools to submarines.
 

A Legacy Continued by Johnson Controls

Today, Grinnell is part of Johnson Controls, a global leader in smart, safe and sustainable building solutions. The Grinnell brand continues to deliver advanced fire protection systems for mission-critical environments such as hospitals, data centres and high-rise buildings.

Explore our fire suppression and detection solutions to see how Grinnell’s legacy can help safeguard your property and operations.
 

Celebrating 140 Years of Innovation

As Johnson Controls marks its 140th anniversary, we honour Frederick Grinnell’s enduring legacy. His determination to stop fire before it spread has grown into a global standard that continues to evolve with modern building needs.

Discover how our integrated fire safety technologies can make your building smarter, safer and more resilient — and learn more about our commitment to protecting what matters most.